Sunday, November 23, 2025

Facts That Luke Gets Right, Which Show He Was a Careful Historian

Here are the facts that Luke the author of Acts, gets right regarding local places, titles, names, environmental conditions, customs, and circumstances.

🗺️ Facts on Geography, Travel, and Locales (Acts References)

FactKey Term/DetailActs Reference
Natural crossing between correctly named portsSailed to Cyprus, landed at Salamis and PaphosActs 13:4–5
Proper port along the direct destinationSailed to Perga in PamphyliaActs 13:13
Proper location of LycaoniaFled to Lystra and Derbe, cities of LycaoniaActs 14:6
Unusual but correct declension of LystraCities of Lycaonia: Lystra and Derbe (grammatical detail)Acts 14:6
Correct language spoken in LystraSpoke in the Lycaonian languageActs 14:11
Proper port for returning travelersWent down to AttaliaActs 14:25
Correct order of approach to Derbe and LystraPassed through Derbe and LystraActs 16:1; cf. 15:41
Proper form of the name TroasCame down to TroasActs 16:8
Sailors' landmark, SamothraceSailed from Troas, came with a straight course to SamothraceActs 16:11
Right location for the river (Gangites) near PhilippiWent out of the city by a river side (The Gangites is locally attested)Acts 16:13
Proper locations for successive nightsPassed through Amphipolis and ApolloniaActs 17:1
Sea travel convenient to Athens with windsPaul departed to go by sea to Athens (implying the best route)Acts 17:14–15
Correct sequence of placesSailed from Troas, came to Assos, Mitylene, Chios, Samos, and Trogylium, arrived at MiletusActs 20:14–15
Correct name of the city as a neuter plural (Patara)Came to PataraActs 21:1
Appropriate route favored by persistent windsSailed away from Cyprus... sailed across the sea of Cilicia and Pamphylia (suggests a northern route against northwest winds)Acts 21:3
Suitable distance between these citiesCame to Caesarea (approx. 55 miles from Ptolemais)Acts 21:8
Natural stopping point on the way to CaesareaFrom Antipatris, they came to Caesarea (about 30 miles)Acts 23:31
Best shipping lanes at the timeSailed across the sea which is off Cilicia and PamphyliaActs 27:5
Common bonding of Cilicia and PamphyliaSailed across the sea which is off Cilicia and PamphyliaActs 27:4
Principal port to find a ship sailing to ItalyCame to Myra, a city of Lycia, and found a ship of Alexandria sailing to ItalyActs 27:5–6
Slow passage to Cnidus against the northwest windSailed slowly for many days and arrived with difficulty off CnidusActs 27:7
Right route to sail in view of the windsSailed under the shelter of Crete (south side)Acts 27:7
Locations of Fair Havens and LaseaCame to a place called Fair Havens, near which was the city of LaseaActs 27:8
Fair Havens as a poorly sheltered roadsteadBecause the harbor was not suitable to winter inActs 27:12
Rhegium as a refuge for southerly windThe next day we came to Rhegium. And after one day the south wind blewActs 28:13
Appii Forum and Tres Tabernae as stopping placesBrothers came out to meet us at Appii Forum and Tres TabernaeActs 28:15

🏛️ Facts on Official Titles and Governance (Acts References)

FactKey Term/DetailActs Reference
Philippi as a Roman colonyRoman colony (kolonia)Acts 16:12
Correct designations for the magistratesMagistrates (strategoi)Acts 16:22
Proper term for magistrates in ThessalonicaPolitarchs (politarchas)Acts 17:6
Correct title for a member of the courtAreopagitesActs 17:34
Gallio as proconsulProconsul (anthupaton)Acts 18:12
Correct title for the chief executive in EphesusTown Clerk (grammateus)Acts 19:35
Proper title of honorTemple Keeper (neokoros)Acts 19:35
Proper term for those holding courtProconsuls (anthupatois)Acts 19:38
Use of plural anthupatoiProconsuls (anthupatoi)Acts 19:38
The "regular" assemblyLawful assembly (ennomos ekklēsia)Acts 19:39
Permanent stationing of a Roman cohortCommander (chiliarchos) at Antonia Fortress (implied)Acts 21:31
Common way to obtain Roman citizenshipBought citizenship with a large sumActs 22:28
Tribune impressed with Roman citizenshipFree-born Roman citizenshipActs 22:29
Felix being governorGovernor (hēgemona) FelixActs 23:34
Cilicia's jurisdictionPaul transferred from Caesarea to Herod's palace in Cilicia (as a general area)Acts 23:34
Provincial penal procedureTrial and accusers/defendant presentActs 24:1–9
Name Porcius FestusGovernor Porcius FestusActs 24:27
Right of appeal for Roman citizensI appeal to CaesarActs 25:11
Correct legal formula"The charges the accusers brought against him" (general sense)Acts 25:18
Characteristic form of reference to the emperorThe Emperor (ho Sebastou)Acts 25:26
Proper title in MaltaChief man of the island (ho prōtos tēs nēsou)Acts 28:7
Custody with Roman soldiersPaul was allowed to live by himself with a soldier to guard himActs 28:16
Conditions of imprisonmentStaying at his own expense (hired his own dwelling)Acts 28:30–31

🎭 Facts on Culture, Customs, and Religion (Acts References)

FactKey Term/DetailActs Reference
Gods associated with LystraZeus and HermesActs 14:12
Presence of a synagogue in ThessalonicaWhere there was a synagogue of the JewsActs 17:1
Abundant presence of images in AthensCity full of idols (kateidōlon)Acts 17:16
Reference to a synagogue in AthensDebated in the synagogue with the JewsActs 17:17
Athenian philosophical debateDebated daily in the marketplace (agora)Acts 17:17
Athenian slang word for PaulSeed-picker (spermologos) / Court: AreopagusActs 17:18–19
Characterization of the Athenian characterSpent their time in nothing else but either to tell or to hear some new thingActs 17:21
Altar to an "unknown god"To an unknown God (Agnōstō Theō)Acts 17:23
Greek denial of bodily resurrectionWhen they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mockedActs 17:32
A Corinthian synagogueWent into the synagogueActs 18:4
The bema (judgment seat)Judgment seat (bēma)Acts 18:16ff.
Name Tyrannus attested in EphesusHall of Tyrannus (Scholē Tyrannou)Acts 19:9
Shrines and images of ArtemisSilversmiths who made silver shrines of ArtemisActs 19:24
The "great goddess Artemis"Great is Artemis of the EphesiansActs 19:27
Ephesian theater as meeting placeRushed with one accord into the theaterActs 19:29
Correct name to designate the goddessGoddess ArtemisActs 19:37
Use of precise ethnic designationBeroian (beroiaios)Acts 20:4
Employment of the ethnic termAsian (Asianos)Acts 20:4
Strategic importance of TroasPaul stayed seven days in TroasActs 20:7ff.
A Jewish act of pietyPurify himself and pay the expenses of the menActs 21:24
Jewish law regarding Gentile use of the templeThey have brought Greeks into the temple and have defiled this holy placeActs 21:28
The flight of stepsThe steps (anabathmous)Acts 21:31, 35
Ananias being high priestAnanias, the high priestActs 23:2
Local people and superstitions of Malta"No doubt this man is a murderer... a god"Acts 28:4–6
🚢 Facts on Maritime and Environmental Conditions (Acts References)

FactKey Term/DetailActs Reference
Thyatira as a center of dyeingLydia, a seller of purple from the city of ThyatiraActs 16:14
Danger of the coastal tripIntended to sail past Ephesus because he would not spend time in AsiaActs 20:13
South wind backing suddenly to a violent northeaster (Gregale)A gentle south wind began to blow... not long after a tempestuous wind arose, called Euroclydon (a violent easterly wind)Acts 27:13–14
Nature of a square-rigged ancient shipCould not head into the wind, we let her driveActs 27:15
Precise place and name of this island (Clauda)Running under the shelter of a small island called ClaudaActs 27:16
Appropriate maneuvers for the safety of the shipSecured the ship with ropes, lowered the gear, and let the ship driveActs 27:16–17
The fourteenth nightWhen the fourteenth night was comeActs 27:27
Proper term of the time for the AdriaticWere driven up and down in the Adriatic SeaActs 27:27
Precise term for taking soundings and correct depthTook soundings (bolisantes)... found it twenty fathoms... found it fifteen fathomsActs 27:28
Position that suits the probable line of approachFound a bay with a beach, where they intended to run the ship agroundActs 27:39
Severe liability on guards who permitted a prisoner to escapeThe soldiers’ plan was to kill the prisoners, lest any of them should swim away and escapeActs 27:42

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Facts That Luke Gets Right, Which Show He Was a Careful Historian

Here are the   facts that   Luke   the author of Acts, gets right regarding local places, titles, names, environmental conditions, customs, ...